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However, the torpedoes survived. The launch tubes could be fitted in a ship's bow, which weakened it for ramming, or on the broadside; this introduced problems because of water flow twisting the torpedo,wholesale nfl [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] so guide rails and sleeves were used to prevent it. The torpedoes were originally ejected from the tubes by compressed air but later slow burning gunpowder was used. Torpedo boats originally used a frame that dropped the torpedo into the sea. Royal Navy Coastal Motor Boats of World War I used a rear-facing trough and a cordite ram to push the torpedoes into the water tail-first; they then had to move rapidly out of the way to avoid being hit by their own torpedo.
Developed in the run up to Second World War, multiple-tube mounts (up to quintuple in some ships) for 21" to 24" torpedoes in rotating turntable mounts appeared. Destroyers could be found with two or three of these mounts with between five and twelve tubes in total. The Japanese went one better, covering their tube mounts with splinter protection and adding reloading gear (both unlike any other navy in the world),[34] making them true turrets and increasing the broadside without adding tubes and top hamper (as the quadruple and quintuple mounts did). Considering their Type 93s very effective weapons,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] the IJN equipped their cruisers with torpedoes. The Germans also equipped their capital ships with torpedoes.
Smaller vessels such as PT boats carried their torpedoes in fixed deck mounted tubes using compressed air. These were either aligned to fire forward or at an offset angle from the centerline.
Later, lightweight mounts for 12.75" homing torpedoes were developed for anti-submarine use consisting of triple launch tubes used on the decks of ships. These were the 1960 Mk 32 torpedo launcher in the USA and part of STWS (Shipborne Torpedo Weapon System) in the UK. Later a below-decks launcher was used by the RN. This basic launch system continues to be used today with improved torpedoes and fire control systems.
Originally, torpedo tubes were fitting to both the bow and stern of Submarines, however modern submarine bows are usually occupied by a large sonar array, necessitating torpedoes launched from the sides of the Submarine angled forward. The first French and Russian submarines carried their torpedoes externally inDrzewiecki? drop collars. These were cheaper than launch tubes but unreliable. Both Britain and America experimented with external launch tubes in World War II, in Britain's case because doctrine at the time of the outbreak of war dictated only firing on Warships and to ensure success, large spreads of torpedoes were fired. External tubes offered a cheap and easy way of increasing Torpedo capacity without radical redesign, something Britain did not have the time or resources to do early war. America's use was mainly limited to earlier Porpoise, Salmon or Sargo class boats. Until the widespread introduction of the Gato class, common American submarines only carried 4 Forward tubes and 2/4 Stern tubes, something many American captains felt provided them with inadequate firepower. This problem was compounded by the notorious unreliability of the Mark 14 Torpedo and the distance these vessels traveled to reach their patrol zones. Late war,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych] with the widespread use of the Gato,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Balao and to a lesser extent, Tench class, featuring a total of 10 Tubes, this modification became redundant, especially given the increased reliability of American Torpedoes.

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